ارزیابی ریسک حریق و تعیین کارایی روش های حفاظت فعال و غیر فعال در کاهش ریسک حریق در اتاق کنترل یک ساختمان صنعتی

Introduction: Extensive human and economic losses due to the fire accidents shows the necessity of scientifically dealing with major industrial fires, , investing in the development of fire protection technologies and determination of the most effective techniques to limit damages. This study is conducted to evaluate the effect of active and passive protection methods on reducing the level of fire risk, in the control room of a thermal power plant. Material and Method: In the first phase of this study, fire risk level for buildings, goods, occupants and activities was calculated using Fire Risk Assessment Method for Engineering. In the second phase, from 36 sub-factors affecting risk level, three sub-factors of passive protection measures and two sub-factors of active protection measures were analyzed and modified, in reducing the fire risk level of occupants. Result: The results of the present study showed that occupants’ fire risk level (20.64) is above the acceptable level. Correction of three sub-factors, including constant fire load, floor number, and changing the dimensions and area of the control room up to 40% and installing an automatic fire extinguishing system and training the occupants to use fire extinguishing equipment and emergency evacuation up to 33%, is effective in reducing the fire risk level. Conclusion: Passive and active protection methods, despite their impacts on reducing the level of risk, cannot provide an acceptable level of fire safety independently. Therefore, combined use of these methods is essential to protect buildings and people, and prevent any interruption in the system’s activities.